The contemporary methodological approach in the field of restoration is mainly oriented towards in situ conservation of both masonry structures and decorative structures such as plaster, stucco, mosaics and all ornamental elements of ancient architecture.
In the past, the practice has been to remove, decontextualize and transport these artifacts to the museum, often using antiquarian methodologies such as even random reconstructions and the creation of thematic collections of decorative repertoires divided by type.
In recent decades, most of the work has involved “restoring” old, often historicized interventions, attempting to offer better conditions for conservation, to remove inappropriate props such as concrete conglomerates, and attempting to recreate the original context in the museum wherever possible, mediating between the “old” and the present in a reversible and recognizable way according to the principles of contemporary restoration, always accompanied by multidisciplinary scientific support.
As far as new discoveries are concerned, the modern practice of in situ conservation seems indispensable today and, in addition to improving the archaeological zone, it provides for emergency operations directly during excavation to prevent degradation due to the changing chemical and physical conditions of the finds, followed by planned maintenance operations.
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